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Objective@#To study the correlation between expression of oncogene C-MYC protein and gene abnormality in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).@*Methods@#The expression of C-MYC protein and gene abnormality were detected by immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), respectively, in 42 cases of paraffin-embedded DLBCL. All cases were collected at Department of Pathology, Weifang People′s Hospital during January 2015 to October 2016.@*Results@#The positive rate of C-MYC protein expression was 47.6% (20/42) and the rate of abnormal C-MYC gene by FISH was 26.2%(11/42), including translocation (23.8%, 10/42) and gene amplification (2.4%, 1/42). There was a close relationship between the protein expression and gene translocation (χ2=11.813; P=0.001) and gene translocation occurred primarily in GCB (χ2=4.029; P=0.045).@*Conclusion@#The high expression (≥40%) of C-MYC protein is associated with its gene translocation, suggesting that C-MYC protein detection can be used as a surrogate marker for C-MYC gene translocation in DLBCL.
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Objective · To compare the efficacy and prognostic factors of HCAG regimen with traditional IA regimen in the treatment of newly diagnosed elderly acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. Methods · Forty-one patients with AML (aged 55-71 years) were randomly divided into two groups (Group HCAG and Group IA) between 2014 and 2016 for induction and consolidation therapy. Multivariate analysis was applied to identify prognostic factors for relapse-free survival (RFS). Results · A total of 29 patients (70.7%) achieved complete remission (CR). The estimated 2-year overall survival (OS) was 66.8% in Group HCAG and 75.4% in Group IA (P=0.913). The estimated 2-year RFS was 61.8% in Group HCAG and 49.1% in Group IA (P=0.411). Age remained as the unfavorable prognostic factor, leading to significant differences in OS and RFS. In addition, RFS was influenced by cytogenetic/molecular risk stratification. Conclusion · Although HCAG seemed not to particularly benefit the group, the dose reduction of anthracyclines may be applied in elderly patients with comparable short-time outcome. Furthermore, the introduction of homoharringtonine resulted in an improvement of treatment response for more than 20% compared with CAG regimen.
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Objective To measure serum and tissue levels of soluble syndecan-1 (SDC1) in patients with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC),and to explore the relationship between the expression of SDC1 and clinicopathologic features of CSCC as well as between the serum and tissue levels of SDC 1.Methods An immunohistochemical study was performed to measure SDC 1 expression in the epidermis of lesional specimens from 93 patients with CSCC and normal skin specimens from 30 healthy human controls,and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect serum levels of soluble SDC1 in 81 patients with CSCC and 30 healthy human controls.Results The expression of SDC1 was significantly lower in CSCC tissues than in normal skin tissues (Z=3.85,P＜ 0.01).The expression intensity of SDC 1 decreased with the increase in tumor thickness but with the decrease in degree of differentiation of CSCC (x2 =11.66,12.51 respectively,both P ＜ 0.01).Furthermore,the expression of SDC1 was significantly lower in lesional tissues of CSCC with lymph node metastasis than in those without (Z =2.20,P ＜ 0.05).As ELISA showed,serum levels of soluble SDC1 were significantly higher in patients with CSCC than in healthy controls (Z=4.12,P＜ 0.01),and gradually increased with the increase in tumor thickness and with advancing clinical stages of CSCC.In addition,serum levels of SDC1 were significantly up-regulated in patients with invasive CSCC compared with those with CSCC in situ (Z =3.02,P ＜ 0.01),but were not significantly different among patients with invasive CSCC at different degrees of differentiation (P ＞ 0.05).CSCC patients with lymphatic metastasis showed significantly higher serum levels of SDC1 compared with those without (Z =5.30,P ＜ 0.01).The serum levels of soluble SDC1 were significantly negatively correlated with its tissue levels in CSCC patients (rs =-0.625,P ＜ 0.01).Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the best cutoff point of serum SDC 1 levels was 65.5 μg/L for the diagnosis of lymphatic metastasis,with the sensitivity,specificity and area under the curve (AUC) being 73.7％,87.1％ and 0.904 (0.840-0.968) respectively.Conclusion The downregulated tissue expression but up-regulated serum levels of SDC 1 may be associated with the invasiveness of CSCC,and elevated serum SDC 1 levels are somewhat valuable to the diagnosis of lymphatic metastasis.
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Objective To evaluate the role of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) in the spinal cord in the development of persistent postoperative pain evoked by skin/muscle incision and retraction (SMIR) and the relationship with Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4).Methods One hundred and twenty male SpragueDawley rats,weighing 200-250 g,aged 2 months,in which intrathecal catheters were successfully implanted,were randomly divided into 5 groups (n =24 each) using a random number table:sham operation group (group S),SMIR group,SMIR + dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) group (group DMSO),SMIR + p38MAPK inhibitor SB203580 group (group SB203580) and SMIR + TLR4 small interference RNA (siRNA) group (group TLR4siRNA).The rats were anesthetized with intraperitoneal chloral hydrate 400 mg/kg.The skin and superficial muscle of the medial thigh were incised and a small pair of retractors inserted.This tissue was retracted for 1 h causing potential stretch of the saphenous nerve.2％ DMSO 10 μl and SB203580 5 μg were injected intrathecally at 30 min before operation and 1-12 days after operation in DMSO and SB203580 groups,respectively.TLR4siRNA 2 μg was administered intrathecally at 1 day before operation and 1-12 days after operation once a day in group TLR4siRNA.Mechanical paw withdrawal threshold to von Frey filament stimulation (MWT) was measured at 1 day before operation and 1,3,7,12 and 22 days after operation.Four rats in each group were sacrificed after measurement of MWT at each time point,and the L4-6 segments of the spinal cord were obtained for detection of the expression of phosphorylated p38MAPK (p-p38MAPK) by Western blot analysis.Results Compared with group S,MWT was significantly decreased after operation,and the expression of p-p38MAPK was up-regulated after operation in SMIR and DMSO groups.Compared with group SMIR,MWT was significantly increased after operation,and the expression of p-p38MAPK was down-regulated after operation in SB203580 and TLR4siRNA groups,and no significant changes in MWT and p-p38MAPK expression were found at each time point in group DMSO.Conclusion TLR4-triggered activation of p38MAPK in spinal cord is involved in the development of SMIR-evoked persistent postoperative pain in rats.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the role of NF-κB signaling pathway in the spinal cord in persistent postoperative pain evoked by skin/muscle incision and retraction (SMIR) in rats.MethodsNinety male SD rats weighing 200-250 g in which intrathecal (IT) catheter was successfully implanted without complication were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n =30 each):group sham operation ( group S ) ; groups SMIR and group pyrrolidine dithiocarbarnate (a NF-κB inhibitor) (group PDTC).Persistent postoperative pain was evoked by SMIR according to the method described by Flatters in groups SMIR and PDTC.PDTC 10 ng in 10 μl was injected IT over 30 s once a day for 7 consecutive days after operation in group PDTC.Mechanical paw withdrawal threshold to von Frey filament stimulation (MWT) was measured at 1 d before (T0,baseline) and 1,3,7,12 and 22 d after surgery (T1-5).Five animals in each group were sacrificed at each time point after MWT measurement and their lumbar segments of the spinal cord were removed for determination of TNF-α content (by ELISA).ResultsSMIR significantly decreased MWT after operation at T1-5 and increased TNF-α content in the spinal cord at T3-5.PDTC significantly attenuated SMIR-induced hyperalgesia and increase in TNF-α content in the spinal cord.Conclusion NF-κB signaling pathway in the spinal cord plays an important role in the development of SMIR-induced persistent postoperafive pain in rats.
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@#Objective To explore the effect and mechanism of electroacupuncture at Baihui(GV20) and Zusanli(ST36) of patients with depression.Methods90 patients were randomly divided into group A electroacupunctured at Baihui(GV20) and Zusanli(ST36), group B electroacupunctured at Taichong(LR3), Sanyinjiao(SP6), Neiguan(PC6), and Shenmen(H7) and group C treated with Fluoxetine (20 mg/d, 6 weeks). The therapeutic effect was assessed by the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) before and after treatment. Serum cytokine levels (IL-2, IL-4, and IFN-γ) were measured by ELISA assay at admission and after treatment (6 weeks).ResultsCompared to pre-treatment, the mean levels of HAMD ( P<0.01)and IL-4 (P <0.01) decreased significantly in all groups after treatment. Rank distribution of HAMD scores had obvious difference between all groups. The mean levels of IL-2 and IFN-γ had no significant difference in group C after treatment (P>0.05). And the mean levels of IL-2 and IFN-γ increased significantly in groups A and B after treatment(P<0.01, P<0.05).ConclusionElectroacupuncture takes effect earlier than fluoxetine for depression. Electroacupuncture at Baihui(GV20) and Zusanli(ST36) was more effective than the other two methods. The three types of treatments can restore three types of cytokines and improve depressive syndrome.
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@#Objective To investigate the effect of electro-acupuncture on cartilage renovation of knee osteoarthritis.Methods 40 female SD rats were randomly divided into the normal group,model group,electro-acupuncture treatment group and control group.The left knees of the treatment group and right ones of the control group were treated by electro-acupuncture for two weeks from the fifth week since operation.Collected left knees' cartilage of all rats at the seventh week since the beginning of experiment.HE and immunohistochemical staining were used to observe the expression characteristic of transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)in cartilage.Results The expression of TGF-β1 in the treatment group was very significantly stronger than all other groups(P<0.01).Conclusion Electro-acupuncture can obviously up-regulate the level of TGF-β1 in cartilage of experimental rats with knee osteoarthritis,and promote the repair of cartilage.
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@#Objective To observe effects of acupuncture on different traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) syndrome types in patients with apoplectic hemiplegia.Methods 57 cases of apoplectic hemiplegia were divided into the Qi deficiency with blood stagnation group(35 cases) and blockage of the meridians and collaterals by phlegm and blood group(22 cases).All patients were treated by scalp acupuncture combined with body acupuncture.The clinical therapeutic effect was evaluated according to the scores of manner,speech,motor function of limbs,and so on.Results In the Qi deficiency and blood stagnation group,2 cases were basically cured,17 were remarkably effective,12 were effective,with a total effective rate of 88.6%;while,in the blockage of the meridians and collaterals by phlegm and blood group,3 cases were basically cured,14 were remarkably effective,3 were effective,with a total effective rate of 90.9%.There was a significant difference between the two groups in clinical remarkably effective rate(P<0.01),but no difference in total effective rate( P>0.05).Conclusion Acupuncture can obviously improve the consciousness,language and limb function of patients with apoplectic hemiplegia.The effective rate of type of blockage of the meridians and collaterals by phlegm and blood is superior to type of Qi deficiency with blood stagnation.
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@#ObjectiveTo observe clinical therapeutic effect of scalp acupuncture combined with traditional body acupuncture on pseudobulbar palsy induced by ischemic or hemorrhagic apoplexy.Methods59 inpatients with pseudobulbar palsy induced by stroke were divided into the scalp acupuncture combined with body acupuncture group (n=40) and body acupuncture group (n=19). Cases of the scalp acupuncture combined with body acupuncture group were treated by scalp acupuncture combined with traditional body acupuncture. Cases of the body acupuncture group were treated only by traditional body acupuncture. Therapeutic effect of two groups was assessed according to patients' consciousness, language and limb functions.ResultsIn the scalp acupuncture combined with body acupuncture group, 30 cases were cured and 9 were remarkably effective, with a total effective rate of 97.5%. While in the body acupuncture group, 9 cases were cured, and 7 were remarkably effective, with a total effective rate of 84.2%. There was a significant difference between two groups in clinical cure rate (P<0.05), but no difference in total effective rate ( P>0.05).ConclusionScalp acupuncture combined with traditional body acupuncture can obviously improve the consciousness, language and limb functions and pseudobulbar palsy of stroke patients and obtain a better effect compared with traditional body acupuncture.
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Objective Substance P and its receptor are thought to play an important role in the mechanisms of pain The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of intrathecal (IT) morphine on substance P expression in the dorsal horn of spinal cord in a rat model of incisional pain Methods Sixteen male SD rats weighing 250 300g were randomly divided into four groups of 4 animal each: in group Ⅰ (sham operation) 30 min after IT normal saline(NS) 20 ?l 1 4% isoflurane was inhaled for 5 min but no incision was made; in group Ⅱ (control group) 30 min before incision NS 20 ?l was given IT; in group Ⅲ (postoperative analgesia group) morphine 5 ?g (10 ?l) was given IT 30 min after incision; group Ⅳ ( preemptive analgesia group) morphine 5 ?g (10 ?l) was given IT 30 min before incision The animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal pentobarbital sodium 40 mg?kg -1 PE 10 catheter was inserted intrathecally to the lumbar region according to method of Yaksh 5 days later incision of 1 cm long was made in the plantar region of left hindpaw parallel to the muscle under isoflurane anesthesia according to the method of Brennan Pain behavior was assessed by a cumulative pain score Immuno histochemistry technique was used to measure the expression of substance P Results IT morphine given either before or after incision decreased the cumulative pain scores Incision made in the plantar region of left hindpaw increased substance P expression in the ipsilateral dorsal horn of spinal cord (0 62?0 07 vs 0 40?0 09) In group Ⅳ increase in substance P expression in the dorsal horn of spinal cord was inhibited Conclusions The analgesia provided by preemptive IT morphine is possibly mediated via the decrease in substance P in the dorsal horn of spinal cord
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Objective It has been shown that protein kinase C (PKC), especially PKCy is involved in the nociceptive processing at the spinal level. This study was designed to investigate the effects of intrathecal (IT) morphine on PKCy immuno-reactivity in the spinal dorsal horn in a rat model of incisional pain. Methods Twenty-four male SD rats weighing 250-300 g were anesthetized with intraperitoneal pentobarbital 40 mg?kg-1. PE-10 catheter was inserted intrathecally to the lumbar region according to Yaksh. Five days later an incision of 1cm long was made in the plantar region of left hindpaw, parallel to the muscle under isoflurane anesthesia according to Brennan. The animals were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 animals in each group : group Ⅰ sham-operation group received IT artificial cerebro-spinal fluid (ACSF) 20 ?l and 30 min later inhaled 1.4% isoflurane for S min but no incision was made; group Ⅱ received ACSF 20 ?l IT 30 min before incision was made; group Ⅲ post-incisional morphine group received morphine 5 ?g IT 30 min after incision and group Ⅳ pre-incisional morphine group received morphine 5 ?g IT 30 min before incision. The animals were sacrificed under general anesthesia 2 h after incision. The L4-5 segment of spinal cord was removed for determination of the expression of PKC? in the spinal dorsal horn by immuno-histochemical method.Results In group Ⅱ the PKC?-IR gray density in the spinal dorsal horn of the operated side was significantly higher than that of contralateral side and that in group Ⅰ( P
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AIM:To explore the effect of water extract propolis(WEP)from Taishan on apoptosis of human umbilical vascular endothelial cells(HUVECs)induced in vitro by tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?).METHODS:HUVECs were collect by digestion-perfusion and cultivated.TNF-? at concentration of 50 ?g/L was administrated to induce the apoptosis of HUVECs.After injury,HUVECs were treated with WEP at concentrations of 50,100,and 200 mg/L,respectively,for 24 h.Apoptosis was evaluated by terminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated nick end labeling(TUNEL)and flow cytometry(FCM).RESULTS:Apoptosis index in injured group was significantly higher than that in control group,and decreased significantly after treating with WEP at concentrations of 50,100,and 200 mg/L,respectively(P
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AIM:To investigate effects of propolis-ethanol extract on platelet activity in flowing blood.METHODS: Intima-injury model was made by in vitro perfusion.Coverslips was coated by using fibrinogen and human Ⅲ type collagen to detect platelet adhesive rate when blood went through fibrinogen and collagen surface in 1 000/s shear rate.Three experimental groups were set up: negative control group(24% ethanol),experimental group(0.1 g/L,24% propolis-ethanol extract) and positive control group(0.1 g/L,ferulic acid).RESULTS: Intima-injury model was made.On fibrinogen and collagen,platelet adhesion on area of experimental group was lower than that in negative control group(P0.05).Propolis-ethanol extract decreased more obviously the platelet adhesion area on fibrinogen surface than that in collagen surface(P